With the rapid development of computer hardware and software, along with the gradual popularization of computer society, more and more people begin to repair the computer yourself, but with my years of experience in electronics repair work, the use of computer maintenance is more important than the maintenance, the following I will maintain, repair computers should pay attention to some of the issues we talk about the same, I hope we can bring some help.
The working life of a computer is limited, if maintained well, it will extend the life and work has been in relatively good condition, you can try to play its role; on the contrary, one or maintained and unmaintained bad machine, first of all it will not be in good working condition, important data may be lost for no reason, the operating system may be wrong every few days, scheduled work can not be completed, and more importantly, will greatly reduce the computer of life, so do the daily maintenance of the computer is very necessary.
We will routine maintenance of the computer hardware maintenance and software maintenance is divided into two areas, the following specifically to explain these two aspects of computer maintenance.
Public want good work must first sharpen his tools, so conveniently set of maintenance tools are required. Computer maintenance need not be very sophisticated tools, general dust maintenance only need to prepare a Phillips screwdriver, flat screwdriver, paint brush (or oil paints, ordinary brush easy removal, should not be used) can, if you want to clean the floppy drive, CD-ROM inside, but also need to prepare lens wipes, hair dryer, ethanol (AR), cotton balls, watch screwdriver (a), tweezers, a blower (Paper Tiger), paper clips, watches oil (or sewing machine oil), butter. If need further repairs, and then prepare a needle-nose pliers, a test pencil and a multimeter.
A, hard to maintain a microcomputer
Maintenance refers to the so-called hard to maintain in terms of computer hardware, which includes considerations such as computer use and a variety of devices for routine maintenance and working.
1, computer work environment
For a computer to work in the normal state and extend the service life, must make it in a suitable working environment, should meet the following conditions:
1.1 Temperature Conditions
General computer should work at 20-25 ℃ environment, although it is now a computer cooling performance is very good, but the heat generated by the high temperature is still scattered not make the computer work out, ranging from shortening the life of the machine, while burning computer chip or other accessories, computer hardware now developing very quickly, very fast replacement, cooling the computer has become a problem can not be ignored; the temperature is too low will produce poor contact between the various parts of the computer problems, causing the computer does not work, conditional, the best placement of the computer room air conditioner in place to ensure the normal operation of the computer required ambient temperature.
1.2 humidity conditions
Humidity is not too high, the computer in working condition should be kept well ventilated, otherwise the circuit board inside your computer is susceptible to corrosion, so the board of premature aging.
1.3 good dust
Due to the various components of a very sophisticated computer if the computer work in a dusty environment more, it is possible to plug a computer interfaces, so the computer does not work, so do not place the computer in a high dust environment, if they really needs to be installed, should be prepared to dust the work; in addition, the best month to clean up the dust inside the computer case, good job cleaning the machine, in order to ensure the normal operation of the computer.
Dust Note:
(1) In the first host before attempting to clean power, unplug the power cord host;
(2) Try not to turn on the power, clean the inside, inside a high voltage!
(3) Do not attempt to open the display, a high voltage inside!
(4) The first look at the weather before cleaning, it is best not to vote in the rain and cloudy when clean air humidity, that would cause oxidation cable plug.;
5, during the cleaning process is best to use a soft brush, if the bristles are excellent devices will increase the chance of damage
1.4 Power Requirements
Voltage instability is likely to cause damage to the computer circuits and devices, due to the presence of the mains supply peaks and troughs, frequent fluctuations in the voltage environment, preferably with a regulator to ensure the required stability of the normal work of the computer power, although the country to strengthen the power supply in rural areas, to improve the power lines in rural areas, but relatively far away from the cities and towns in remote rural areas is still quite unstable voltage, using a computer in this environment, must be equipped with regulators. In addition, if a sudden power outage, it may cause loss of data inside the computer, and can also cause serious computer system will not boot and other failures, so, in order for the computer to power protection, should be equipped with a small home UPS, guarantee the normal use of the computer.
1.5 precautions against static work
Static electricity may cause damage to the computer chip, in order to prevent electrostatic damage to the computer before you open the computer should touch the heating pipes or water pipes and other objects can be discharged, will discharge static electricity before touching their own computer accessories; other Keep the computer in the chassis grounding wire, can play a very good anti-static effect. Do not wear clothes fiber cloth for maintenance work, do not have carpet in place for maintenance, repair and sprinkle a little water the best place to increase the humidity, this can effectively reduce the generation of static electricity in order to avoid electrostatic breakdown element of human error occurred . Now comes the static, I'll tell you how to static electricity, the method is very simple, as long as the computer's chassis ground on the line, another cabinet charged is very common problems, especially in the old house, because most do not have these old residential land lines are three-phase four-wire system (that is, three fire a zero), since there is an indirect capacitive many ATX power supply housing and the zero line, so if you reverse the zero line and the line of fire, then charged up on the chassis, However, the voltage (current) does not cause personal injury or death, then how to determine whether reverse it? Quite simply, if you use the back of the hand to touch the metal parts of the shell without being charged feeling (slightly electrically) to prove that there is no reversal, or electric pen test it, but some will let electric pen casing look bright, but soon off, then you can conclude that not reversed, if it proves indeed reversed, then you will plug inserted Haojiu Hang tune all; there's a friend when it comes to how the ground should be connected, some newspapers the article also mentioned the grounding method, but as the building users can not do in any case, I will tell you the following two ways:
(1) at zero, FireWire are not reversed the premise to the hardware store to buy a 10mm bolt and hit the wall, and then the outlet end of the hollow of the ground with a more than 1mm2 received enameled copper bolt on (can then take a nut on the bolt, and then placed on the line in the middle of two nuts and nut tight), conditional comrades tin can on both ends of the ground to oxidation;
(2) at zero, FireWire are not reversed the premise of the housing directly to the zero line, such as insurance, then you can not be afraid of the enclosure through a 0.1μF / 400V capacitor connected to the zero line of Promise, I strongly Recommended use capacitive grounding method, because there may be in future line transformation happens, if construction workers mistakenly zero FireWire reverse if you will not be in any danger (himself encountered zero, FireWire is reversed things ), this method is applicable to all the electrical lead into the zero line and the electric pen does not light users.
Failure patients: an old friend 486 machines, symptoms start a black screen and the same type of machine to swap hard drives, the fault plane normal start of replacement black, it is hard to judge bad. I approach: one end of the wire with a computer case, a termination pipe, and later re-plug the memory, and then the CMOS discharge, restart normally.
1.6 to prevent vibration and noise
Vibration and noise can cause damage to computer components (such as the hard drive is damaged or missing data, etc.), so the computer can not work in a lot of vibration and noise environment, if they really need to be placed in a large computer vibration and noise environments should consider installing shock and soundproofing.
2, the computer's place
The host computer should be placed smooth, retain the necessary work space set aside to place disks, CDs and other commonly used spare parts in order to facilitate the work place. To adjust the height of the good of the display, the display position should be maintained substantially parallel to the top line of sight, too high or too low will cause operator fatigue. In the computer when not covered with dust cover is best to prevent the invasion of dust on the computer, but do not forget that, in the case of normal use of the computer, be sure to win the dust cover to ensure that the computer can be a good heat dissipation.
In addition, if the computer is not a long time, the best month should energize a secondary, high or low temperatures, humidity is too large, easily deformed board computer to produce poor contact, such as failure to make computer does not work. Especially in the rainy season in the south should pay more attention to ensure that the computer is powered least once a month, every power-on time should be less than two hours, so as not to deform wet weather makes the board computer is not working properly.
The following specific about the various components of a computer routine maintenance.
3, routine maintenance of computer motherboard
The important role of the computer's motherboard in the computer can not be ignored, good or bad motherboard performance to some extent determines the performance of your computer, there are a lot of computer hardware failures are due to the computer's motherboard and other components damaged by bad or motherboard produced good motherboard routine maintenance, one can extend the life of your computer, the more important is to ensure the normal operation of the computer, to complete their daily work. Computer motherboard main routine maintenance should do is dust and moisture, CPU, memory, display card and other important components are plugged into the motherboard, if excessive dust, it is possible to make between the motherboard and the components poor contact, resulting in this kind of an unknown fault, to your work and play great trouble; if the environment is too wet, then the board is easily deformed and produce poor contact failure, affect your normal use. In addition, when assembling a computer motherboard fixed not to overtighten the screws, each screw should use the same intensity, if overtighten words are likely to enable the board to produce deformation. Special attention should be IDE interface, AGP, PCI and memory, and so the human damage the motherboard socket on the motherboard.
4, the routine maintenance of the CPU
To extend the life of the CPU, ensure that your computer is stable to complete daily work, we must first ensure that the CPU is operating at normal frequency. To improve computer performance by overclocking is not desirable, in your experience the so-called high-performance, you also take your life at stake in the CPU, unless there are fanatical pursuit of overclocking, wanted drained per CPU little energy Diyer, when the computer is working properly, try to make the CPU is operating at the rated frequency. On the other hand, as a relatively large heat computer parts, CPU cooling issues can not be ignored, if the CPU does not heat well, it may cause the system not working properly, no reason to restart the machine, crashes and other failures give you choose a good CPU cooler is essential. In addition, if the machine has been working properly, then do not move CPU, CPU to clean up after cleaning the chassis, the installation must be careful to place, so as not to cause the machine can not boot failure.
5, routine maintenance of memory
For memory, it needs attention is the time to upgrade the memory, try to choose the brand before, like the FSB to memory and memory to match the previous use of the system is not functioning properly to avoid failure. Note that the operating voltage of the memory are the same. General adapter cards and memory of the finger no gold, just a layer of copper foil, a long time oxidation occurs. Eraser to erase the finger surface dust, oil or oxide layer. Type of thing must not use sandpaper to clean finger, otherwise it will damage very thin coating.
6, the graphics and sound routine maintenance
Computer graphics is a big heat, and now have a separate graphics card with a cooling fan, usually pay attention to what the graphics card fan is functioning properly, there is an obvious noise or operation is not flexible, turn stopped while other phenomena, such as found to have these problems, we must promptly replace the video card cooling fan to extend the life of the graphics card. For sound, it must be noted that, in the plug microphone and speakers, be sure to turn off the power at the situation, do not carry out such operations in the live environment, in order to avoid damage to other parts.
7. Notes on the hard disk during routine maintenance and use
In order to make the drive to work better when using the above points should be noted:
7.1 hard disk being read, write operation can not be a sudden power failure
So great is the hard drive speed, usually 5400 r / min or 7200 r / min, the hard disk read and write operations, the hard disk rotating at high speed, should a sudden power failure, may cause severe friction between the head and the disc damage to the hard disk. Shutdown when we must pay attention to the hard disk light on the front panel of the chassis is still flashing, if the hard disk light flashes more than shows hard disk read and write operation has not been completed at this time should immediately turn off the power, and only when the hard disk light stops blinking hard to complete the reading before the shutdown after a write operation.
7.2 to keep the sanitation
When you use the computer in humid, dust and dust environment seriously overweight, have more contaminants adsorbed on the internal surface of the printed circuit board and the spindle motor, affecting the normal working hard when you want to install a hard disk with printing down the back of the circuit board, to reduce exposure to dust and the circuit board; in addition, a humid environment will make electronic devices such as unstable insulation resistance, in hard to read, easy to produce data loss failure writes. Therefore, we must keep the environment clean and healthy, reduce the degree of moisture in the air and dust content.
7.3 Do not open the hard cover their own
If the hard disk physical failure, do not open the hard cover themselves, because if dust in the air into the hard disk, in read heads, will scratch the disc or head during a write operation, if you do need to open the hard cover for repair, it must to be sent to the manufacturer for repair professional, do not open their own hard cover.
7.4 earthquake measures do hard
Hard disk is a precision device, while working in the disc surface floating head height of only a few microns, when the hard disk in reading, writing and state, once a large shock occurs, it could result in the head and the disk crash, leading to a hard disk damage. Therefore, when the computer is running, it is best not to move, in addition, the hard disk when you move or transport the best protection with the foam or sponge packaged to minimize vibration.
7.5 Ambient temperature control
Hard work will produce some heat, use appropriate temperature to 20-25 ℃, the temperature is too high will cause the hard drive circuit component failure, magnetic media will be due to thermal expansion effects and affect the accuracy of records; if the temperature is too low, the air moisture will condense on the integrated circuit components and cause a short circuit. Try not to make the hard close as speakers, speakers, motors, televisions, mobile phones and other magnetic field, to avoid interference.
7.6 Take the hard right
The hard disk in your hand, do not bump caused by physical damage, then one needs to pay attention is to prevent electrostatic damage to the hard disk. Especially in dry weather can easily produce static, if not carefully touch the hard disk on the back of the circuit board, static electricity is likely to hurt the hard disk of electronic components, resulting in hard drive is not operating properly. Correct hard way by hand by grasping the sides should be hard, and avoid direct contact with the back of its board.
8, drive routine maintenance
Computer's CD-ROM drive is easy to go wrong, the failure rate is second only to the mouse, if maintained well, the drive can be used normally for many years, the use of improper or insufficient maintenance, and some can only use about half a year, the daily drive to note the following:
8.1 keep the drive clean
Each time you use the CD-ROM, CD-ROM are inevitably some dust into dust if the laser emission head falls, it will cause the drive to read the data difficult to read the disk affect the quality and longevity of the laser head, will also affect the internal drive various mechanical components precision, so interior must be kept clean to reduce dust. Clean the inside of the mechanical drive components generally available swab, the laser head can not use alcohol or other cleaning agents to wipe clean if necessary, you can use the balloon to blow off the dust and the alignment of the laser head must be careful when operating, there is little attention possible damage to the laser head.
8.2 to make use of genuine CD
Although some pirated CDs (especially VCD discs) can play correctly, but because of the poor quality of the disc polishing Road deviation, frequent error correction when CD-ROM drive, so the laser head control components easy to aging, will accelerate the drive internal mechanical wear If prolonged use of pirated discs, CD-ROM error correction capability not only greatly reduced, affecting normal use, but it also reduces the life of the drive.
8.3 try to use a virtual drive
We use computers for entertainment listen to CD music, watch VCD, and playing games, will inevitably result in the drive wear, after several hours of continuous playback VCD, CD-ROM greatly increased fatigue, continues to seriously affect the life of the drive, you can use virtual The drive CD, VCD and computer games into virtual hard disk, it will not only speed up the access speed, but also can extend the life of the drive.
8.4 to develop the habit of proper use of the optical drive
When we use the optical drive has many bad habits, such as hand direct closed doors, in the high-speed rotating disc forcibly eject the disc so that the doors, turn off or restart the computer does not remove the disc are all bad habits, direct will affect the life of the drive. CD to bring it up when not in use, as long as the computer is on, even without the disc, the drive is also to work with.
9, preservation and maintenance of the disc
CD store large amount of information, save for a long time, but the disc out if improperly stored easily damaged. CD-ROM discs to be stored in a dedicated box to avoid dust or dirt contamination, avoid scratch hard objects. Best not to pack a layer of plastic on the outside disc, because after a long plastic aging, and the disc may stick together, it is possible to peel off the protective layer and the data layer in plastic bags when opened, causing damage to the disc. Note save in front of the disc must also pay attention to save the back of the disc, if the back of the disc is scratched or off, it will cause light leaks, not reflections of the laser head laser emission resulting CD is not working, or even damage the disc . Use your hands do not touch the front of the disc when the disc, in order to avoid sticky hands sweat and dirt on the disc, causing some difficulties to read the disk.
Repair disc method:
The usual approach is to smear toothpaste and water data side of the disc, then use your finger clockwise direction repeatedly toothpaste evenly in the data side of the disc, through this approach polished scratches on the disc. Through the above method can solve most can not read CD-ROM, CD-ROM, but there are some irregularities with the above solution is not obvious, according to the following solutions:
Tools: a steam iron (iron have not tried the other), a thin cloth, a glass, a little water.
Steps:
A. First, will need to be repaired with a thin cloth wrapped disc, one side coated with it, then sprinkle with a cloth moistened with water, attention must be attached to the cloth on the disc can not have wrinkles.
B. then wrapped disc in a flat surface, you can find if you can not find the piece of glass, the glass is relatively fairly flat. Then the iron is heated to a certain temperature, with iron ironing repeated several times on the disc, wait to dry after ironing finished the repair work is completed.
10, the display routine maintenance
Displays such as improper use, not only the performance of rapid decline, and life will be greatly shortened, even with two or three years will be scrapped, so be sure to pay attention to the daily maintenance of the display.
10.1 Do not regularly monitor switch
Do not be too frequent switching the display, the best twelve minutes interval between on and off, on, off fast, easy to monitor internal instantly generate high voltage, so that the current is too large and will burn tube. If there are no monitors twelve hours, it is best to turn off the monitor for the home PC, it is recommended that at night when not in the package of equipment are turned off.
10.2 Dust work to do
High pressure inside the monitor up to 10KV-30KV, such a high voltage can easily attract dust in the air, the control circuit board adsorption much dust, it will affect the electronic components of heat dissipation, so that the temperature rise components burn components. Dust is also likely to absorb moisture from the air, the corrosion inside the monitor circuit, causing some inexplicable failures. The best time to buy a dedicated monitor dust cover after each use should be covered with a dust cover, remove the dust on the monitor screen, remember to turn off the power to the monitor, the monitor should unplug the power cord and signal cables, wipe with a soft cloth outward from the center of the screen, if dirt is difficult to remove, use a small amount of cotton wool dipped limit water carefully wipe, do not wipe with a chemical solution of alcohol and the like, in addition, long-term use of the monitor cabinet within will accumulate a lot of dust, will accelerate the aging of the display is not clear, you can remove dust and dirt with a brush on the monitor cabinet, use a dry cloth, do not try to wipe a damp cloth dampened with water. Be careful not to damage the circuit elements.
10.3 moisture
A long time without electricity monitor to regularly work for some time, so that the heat generated when the monitor is working to expel moisture inside the machine, because when the indoor humidity ≤30%, will monitor the mechanical friction generated static part, the internal components are electrostatically increases the possibility of damage, affecting the normal operation of the display; humidity exceeds 80%, it will produce condensation inside the monitor, internal power transformers and other coils are also easy to produce leakage after wet, mold may even break the connection.
10.4 Anti-magnetic interference
Electromagnetic interference would occur should not have circuit voltage and current, do not put strong magnetic material (such as a radio, etc.) placed the computer room, multimedia speakers must use a good anti-magnetic effect and should be kept away from the monitor.
CRT as a major source of the display, when working in high ambient temperature will accelerate the aging of components, and even some Weld joints may also be caused due to the solder to melt off the display unstable trunk. Should give the display a well-ventilated environment, to ensure that there is enough space for heat dissipation.
Anti-glare 10.5
Reflective screen glare would cause screen obscured, at work in the face of the display extremely easy to damage the eyes, but also accelerate the aging CRT phosphors reduce the luminous efficiency, shorten the life of the display. Therefore, do not place the monitor in place strong sunlight, the light must pass through the summer place to hang a dark cloth to mitigate its light intensity.
11, routine maintenance of the keyboard
11.1 kept clean
Excessive dust difficult circuit will work, sometimes resulting in misuse, impurities fall into the gap in the keys will be stuck keys, and even cause a short circuit. When we clean the keyboard, use a soft, clean, damp cloth to wipe the stain cotton swab to clean the gap between the keys, do not use alcohol, medical sterilization, in order to avoid adverse effects on plastic parts. When cleaning the keyboard must be in the off state, damp cloth should not be too wet, so the keyboard short circuit inside the water.
11.2 does not spill liquid onto the keyboard
Once the liquid spilled on the keyboard will cause poor contact, causing a short circuit fault circuit corrosion, damage to the keyboard.
11.3 Key to pay attention to the intensity
When the key must pay attention to moderate intensity, action should be gentle, strong percussion will reduce the life of the keyboard, especially when playing the game when the keys should be careful not to hard keys, so as not to damage the keycaps.
11.4 Do not hot swap
When replacing the keyboard not hot swap, hot plug is a great harm, ranging from damage to the keyboard, while there may be damage to other parts of the computer, undue loss.
Keyboard maintenance methods:
Injection: ordinary syringe to extract ethanol, misalignment keys seams injection, and continue to enhance the cleaning effect buttons. This method is simple and practical, on the periphery of the distribution of keys in the keyboard is especially useful.
Shaping method: using suction tin solder failure three feet keys open, remove the Cap, rod, shrapnel and a return spring, pull out the micro switch. You can find shrapnel had become depressed or flat, with a fine needle to pry formation
Convex, with a small screwdriver to gently struck the internal switch to the appropriate location. And finally by reverse order of removal can be installed.
Immersion method: This method is the key to open the fault, you can see the moving contact two small metal pieces constituted tweezers cotton on a small alcohol wipe contacts repeatedly until the exposed metal and bright, and finally re-installed
12, routine maintenance of the mouse
In all computer accessories, mouse most prone to failure. Optical mouse and mouse into mechanical mouse
12.1 Avoid throw touch mouse and a strong pull on the wires.
12.2 Do not click the mouse when excessive force, so as not to damage the elastic switch.
12.3 preferably with a special mouse pad, it will greatly reduce the chance of dirt into the mouse via a rubber ball, and increase the friction between the rubber ball and the mouse pad, if the optical mouse, then, also
A damping effect, holding the photodetector element.
12.4 When using the optical mouse, to keep it in a clean-plate photographic better state, to avoid the dirt attached to the LED and phototransistor, blocking the light reception.
13, daily maintenance of digital cameras
13.1 pre-use check
Before use to check whether there is dust on the lens, even if there is little dust are likely to eventually lead to a dark area, you should use special lens paper to gently wipe the dust. In addition, check the battery there is no safe, the memory card is ready, everything is no problem and then boot.
13.2 correct operation of the camera
During the shoot should be strictly in accordance with the instructions on operating instructions, if you save the photo, do not open or remove the memory card, so easily lead to memory card becomes corrupted, it is best not to use the camera's LCD screen back to the viewfinder, so you can try to save the battery. In using the process to gently, especially the camera lens, LCD monitor, etc. but also to protect sensitive components.
Keep after 13.3 with
Camera when not remove the battery in the camera bag, dry and ventilated place.
13.4 frequently clean the camera
Body brush to remove dust can also be used to wipe glasses cloth or flannel; dust on the lens you can use a large rubber ball (leather consideration) to blow off, wipe the skin do not consider blowing dirt with lens paper and perspiration, etc.
14, daily maintenance of the scanner
14.1 The scanner should be placed on a flat, vibration smaller place, there will be no extra work load so that when the stepper motor, you can guarantee to achieve the desired vertical resolution.
14.2 keeping the scanner glass clean, it is related to the scanner accuracy and recognition rate, to now when there is dust on the glass, it should be cleared up.
14.3 To the scanned image placed in the center of the starting line, so you can minimize the causes distortion due to the optical lens.
14.4 should not use more than the optical resolution of the scanner to scan accuracy, because doing so will not only improve the output effect is not obvious, but also consume a lot of computer resources.
14.5 Save to choose JPG format image, the compression ratio is 75% -85% of the original image size is too small will seriously lose information image, distortion.
14.6 anti-high temperature, dust, moisture, anti-shock, anti-tilt.
Second, the maintenance of the soft microcomputer
1, make a backup system
When we use a computer, sometimes it will inevitably encounter this kind of failure, some failure is easy to solve, but can cause some serious damage to the operating system malfunction, so that the computer does not start properly. Then more trouble, to re-install the operating system, if you're lucky, the choice of covering the installation can repair damaged files, the operating system can operate normally, and if not covered by the operating system is installed properly, it is necessary to install an operating That system is formatted disk and reinstall the operating system, installed after also install drivers for various hardware and common software applications to be able to wait for the computer to restore normal use, the time has passed more than one hour, if Maintenance is before the old machine, not very good performance of the machine, then will waste more time. If we do a system backup, once the machine fails, as long as the backup to restore what to do on it.
We now commonly used system backup software is Ghost, Ghost make a backup for future use, even if you are a computer beginner, but also afraid of a system crash, as long as the machines are faulty, while he could not handle, then use Ghost to restore a system problems is a good idea. But the premise is to do well in advance of the system partition image file, the other to use in DOS, it is difficult for the novice, if misuse occurs, it may cause the whole partition data is destroyed, and Ghost disk image files take space is relatively large.
Of course, we can also use the system restore methods to achieve, System Restore is a feature of the times, there's WINDOWS ME to XP era, this feature has been enhanced, in addition to the System Restore function, but also can monitor the system and some applications change the program, and automatically create a restore point, this point in time restore point on behalf of the state, due to improper operation of the system if there is a problem, you can restore the system to normal state by past restore points created when the system is operating normally, and does not lead to the loss of existing data files, because it detects only the selected core set of system files and application files, does not detect changes in personal data files.
2, make a backup of important data
We hope that their machines do not have any problem at the time of use, but in practical applications, there is always this kind of fault to haunt us, so that we can very successfully complete their work, if unfortunate encounter a computer virus , worked hard to save important data loss, it will cause irreparable damage. Therefore, it is important to back up data must be good, able to do so, you can use a little hard to specifically store important data and documents, and now very fast computer replacement, upgrade the remaining small hard drive can be used to use . Even without the extra hard drive to use, but also with a floppy disk or other storage device to make a backup of important data and documents.
3. Install anti-virus software
Computer viruses that can lurk in some way in the computer storage medium (or program) where, when it reaches a certain condition is activated computer resources have damaging effects on a group program or set of instructions. A computer virus is a program, a piece of executable code. Like biological viruses, computer viruses have the unique ability to replicate. Computer viruses can spread quickly, and often difficult to eradicate. They can attach themselves on various types of files. When the file is copied or transferred from one user to another, they spread with the accompanying documents. In addition to replication capabilities, some computer viruses and some other common characteristics: a contaminated program can transfer the virus carrier. When you see the viral vectors seem merely in the text and image, they may have destroyed the file, and then format your hard drive or cause other types of disasters. If the virus does not parasitic contamination in a program, it is still occupied by the storage space for your trouble, and reduce the overall performance of your computer.
Virus types varied, the virus code vary widely, but the new virus production technology continue to emerge, so we can detect for known viruses, killing, and for the ability of the new virus did not know the future, even though they have a new virus Some common virus, but it uses technology will be more complex and unpredictable.
Therefore, in order to ensure the stability of computer systems and critical data is not lost due to erosion of the virus, we must install anti-virus software on your love machine. Several domestic anti-virus software can achieve the purpose of anti-virus, and the price is not too high, it is recommended that you buy genuine software, so you can update the virus database over a network, to maximize the protection of our computer.
4, install a network firewall software
In recent years, increasing cyber crime, the birth of a large number of hacking sites, prompting people to think about the security issues of the network. A variety of network security tools also followed hot on the market fired. Which was undoubtedly the most notable network security tools in the earliest maturity, is the first product of the network firewall product. The so-called "firewall" refers to an internal network and the public access network (eg Internet) separate ways, it is actually an isolation technology. A firewall is a network communication access in both the implementation of control scale, it allows you to "agree" to enter your network and data, while you "disagree" shut out people and data to maximize prevent network hackers to access your network and prevent them from change, copy, destroy your important information. Firewall for network security protection played a certain role, in order to take preventive measures, to install the network firewall software is one way to protect the machine works well.
5, regular defragging
Disk fragmentation is because the file is saved to various places throughout the dispersion disks, rather than continuously formed in the disk to save the contiguous cluster. Virtual memory manager frequent disk read and write, IE settings when browsing the web to generate temporary files and temporary files is the main reason it produces, file fragmentation usually does not cause damage to the system, but if too much debris, When reading the file system back and forth looking for, it will cause system performance degradation, leading to the loss of stored files, serious but also shorten the life of the hard drive. Therefore, the computer disk fragmentation can not be ignored, to regularly organize disk fragmentation, to ensure the normal and stable manner, we can use the system comes with the "Disk Defragmenter" to defragment the hard disk, but this program up and running very slow, here to recommend a good defragging software is "Diskeeper Professional", this software is a shareware version of its v8.0.459 size is only 1.8M, suitable for Win98 / Me / NT / 2000 / XP and other operating platforms, defragmenting when fast.
6, clean-up "parasites" Software
Such software is often "parasitic" In other normal software, or secretly installed on your system when you visit the Web site, endangering its system can not be ignored, one such software are background has been running, it will consume a lot of system resources and affect stability of the system, and also to overcome the valuable network resources, on the other hand may also steal your personal information. Main "parasites" software, there are three, one adware (Adware), many of the shareware is to get income in this way, but the software writers did not tell you that there is the presence of these adware, when you When using these shareware, adware also unwittingly installed came; the second is Spyware, that is spyware, it is possible that your system will send confidential hackers, causing your machine hacked or damage ; Yet another is the dialing procedure, which is the most dangerous type of proceeding, it can be put back into your dial international calls, resulting in the high cost of telephone, so you virtually suffered heavy losses. We can use the "Ad-Aware" to clean up the "parasites" software, this software is a free software that size is only 1654K, suitable for Win9X / 2000 / XP operating systems.
7, clean up junk files
Windows will run hoard a lot of junk files, and can not be automatically cleared for these junk files Windows, it only takes up a lot of disk space, but also slow down the system, so that the speed of the system slows down, so these junk files must be removed. There are two types of junk files, temporary files is a major presence in the Windows Temp directory, you will find that as you use the machine time to grow, increasing the use of the software, your Windows operating system will become huge the main thing is the existence of these junk files. Temp directory for temporary files, and just go to this directory can be deleted manually; then there is a temporary file that is when the Internet IE, we can use the following methods to manually delete, open the IE browser, select tool " Internet Options "This one, then select" IE temporary files "option, select" Delete Files "," Delete all offline content "and finally choose OK on the other, in the" History "option, select" Delete History "one, and keep pages in history the number of days to one day, up to no more than five days.
The working life of a computer is limited, if maintained well, it will extend the life and work has been in relatively good condition, you can try to play its role; on the contrary, one or maintained and unmaintained bad machine, first of all it will not be in good working condition, important data may be lost for no reason, the operating system may be wrong every few days, scheduled work can not be completed, and more importantly, will greatly reduce the computer of life, so do the daily maintenance of the computer is very necessary.
We will routine maintenance of the computer hardware maintenance and software maintenance is divided into two areas, the following specifically to explain these two aspects of computer maintenance.
Public want good work must first sharpen his tools, so conveniently set of maintenance tools are required. Computer maintenance need not be very sophisticated tools, general dust maintenance only need to prepare a Phillips screwdriver, flat screwdriver, paint brush (or oil paints, ordinary brush easy removal, should not be used) can, if you want to clean the floppy drive, CD-ROM inside, but also need to prepare lens wipes, hair dryer, ethanol (AR), cotton balls, watch screwdriver (a), tweezers, a blower (Paper Tiger), paper clips, watches oil (or sewing machine oil), butter. If need further repairs, and then prepare a needle-nose pliers, a test pencil and a multimeter.
A, hard to maintain a microcomputer
Maintenance refers to the so-called hard to maintain in terms of computer hardware, which includes considerations such as computer use and a variety of devices for routine maintenance and working.
1, computer work environment
For a computer to work in the normal state and extend the service life, must make it in a suitable working environment, should meet the following conditions:
1.1 Temperature Conditions
General computer should work at 20-25 ℃ environment, although it is now a computer cooling performance is very good, but the heat generated by the high temperature is still scattered not make the computer work out, ranging from shortening the life of the machine, while burning computer chip or other accessories, computer hardware now developing very quickly, very fast replacement, cooling the computer has become a problem can not be ignored; the temperature is too low will produce poor contact between the various parts of the computer problems, causing the computer does not work, conditional, the best placement of the computer room air conditioner in place to ensure the normal operation of the computer required ambient temperature.
1.2 humidity conditions
Humidity is not too high, the computer in working condition should be kept well ventilated, otherwise the circuit board inside your computer is susceptible to corrosion, so the board of premature aging.
1.3 good dust
Due to the various components of a very sophisticated computer if the computer work in a dusty environment more, it is possible to plug a computer interfaces, so the computer does not work, so do not place the computer in a high dust environment, if they really needs to be installed, should be prepared to dust the work; in addition, the best month to clean up the dust inside the computer case, good job cleaning the machine, in order to ensure the normal operation of the computer.
Dust Note:
(1) In the first host before attempting to clean power, unplug the power cord host;
(2) Try not to turn on the power, clean the inside, inside a high voltage!
(3) Do not attempt to open the display, a high voltage inside!
(4) The first look at the weather before cleaning, it is best not to vote in the rain and cloudy when clean air humidity, that would cause oxidation cable plug.;
5, during the cleaning process is best to use a soft brush, if the bristles are excellent devices will increase the chance of damage
1.4 Power Requirements
Voltage instability is likely to cause damage to the computer circuits and devices, due to the presence of the mains supply peaks and troughs, frequent fluctuations in the voltage environment, preferably with a regulator to ensure the required stability of the normal work of the computer power, although the country to strengthen the power supply in rural areas, to improve the power lines in rural areas, but relatively far away from the cities and towns in remote rural areas is still quite unstable voltage, using a computer in this environment, must be equipped with regulators. In addition, if a sudden power outage, it may cause loss of data inside the computer, and can also cause serious computer system will not boot and other failures, so, in order for the computer to power protection, should be equipped with a small home UPS, guarantee the normal use of the computer.
1.5 precautions against static work
Static electricity may cause damage to the computer chip, in order to prevent electrostatic damage to the computer before you open the computer should touch the heating pipes or water pipes and other objects can be discharged, will discharge static electricity before touching their own computer accessories; other Keep the computer in the chassis grounding wire, can play a very good anti-static effect. Do not wear clothes fiber cloth for maintenance work, do not have carpet in place for maintenance, repair and sprinkle a little water the best place to increase the humidity, this can effectively reduce the generation of static electricity in order to avoid electrostatic breakdown element of human error occurred . Now comes the static, I'll tell you how to static electricity, the method is very simple, as long as the computer's chassis ground on the line, another cabinet charged is very common problems, especially in the old house, because most do not have these old residential land lines are three-phase four-wire system (that is, three fire a zero), since there is an indirect capacitive many ATX power supply housing and the zero line, so if you reverse the zero line and the line of fire, then charged up on the chassis, However, the voltage (current) does not cause personal injury or death, then how to determine whether reverse it? Quite simply, if you use the back of the hand to touch the metal parts of the shell without being charged feeling (slightly electrically) to prove that there is no reversal, or electric pen test it, but some will let electric pen casing look bright, but soon off, then you can conclude that not reversed, if it proves indeed reversed, then you will plug inserted Haojiu Hang tune all; there's a friend when it comes to how the ground should be connected, some newspapers the article also mentioned the grounding method, but as the building users can not do in any case, I will tell you the following two ways:
(1) at zero, FireWire are not reversed the premise to the hardware store to buy a 10mm bolt and hit the wall, and then the outlet end of the hollow of the ground with a more than 1mm2 received enameled copper bolt on (can then take a nut on the bolt, and then placed on the line in the middle of two nuts and nut tight), conditional comrades tin can on both ends of the ground to oxidation;
(2) at zero, FireWire are not reversed the premise of the housing directly to the zero line, such as insurance, then you can not be afraid of the enclosure through a 0.1μF / 400V capacitor connected to the zero line of Promise, I strongly Recommended use capacitive grounding method, because there may be in future line transformation happens, if construction workers mistakenly zero FireWire reverse if you will not be in any danger (himself encountered zero, FireWire is reversed things ), this method is applicable to all the electrical lead into the zero line and the electric pen does not light users.
Failure patients: an old friend 486 machines, symptoms start a black screen and the same type of machine to swap hard drives, the fault plane normal start of replacement black, it is hard to judge bad. I approach: one end of the wire with a computer case, a termination pipe, and later re-plug the memory, and then the CMOS discharge, restart normally.
1.6 to prevent vibration and noise
Vibration and noise can cause damage to computer components (such as the hard drive is damaged or missing data, etc.), so the computer can not work in a lot of vibration and noise environment, if they really need to be placed in a large computer vibration and noise environments should consider installing shock and soundproofing.
2, the computer's place
The host computer should be placed smooth, retain the necessary work space set aside to place disks, CDs and other commonly used spare parts in order to facilitate the work place. To adjust the height of the good of the display, the display position should be maintained substantially parallel to the top line of sight, too high or too low will cause operator fatigue. In the computer when not covered with dust cover is best to prevent the invasion of dust on the computer, but do not forget that, in the case of normal use of the computer, be sure to win the dust cover to ensure that the computer can be a good heat dissipation.
In addition, if the computer is not a long time, the best month should energize a secondary, high or low temperatures, humidity is too large, easily deformed board computer to produce poor contact, such as failure to make computer does not work. Especially in the rainy season in the south should pay more attention to ensure that the computer is powered least once a month, every power-on time should be less than two hours, so as not to deform wet weather makes the board computer is not working properly.
The following specific about the various components of a computer routine maintenance.
3, routine maintenance of computer motherboard
The important role of the computer's motherboard in the computer can not be ignored, good or bad motherboard performance to some extent determines the performance of your computer, there are a lot of computer hardware failures are due to the computer's motherboard and other components damaged by bad or motherboard produced good motherboard routine maintenance, one can extend the life of your computer, the more important is to ensure the normal operation of the computer, to complete their daily work. Computer motherboard main routine maintenance should do is dust and moisture, CPU, memory, display card and other important components are plugged into the motherboard, if excessive dust, it is possible to make between the motherboard and the components poor contact, resulting in this kind of an unknown fault, to your work and play great trouble; if the environment is too wet, then the board is easily deformed and produce poor contact failure, affect your normal use. In addition, when assembling a computer motherboard fixed not to overtighten the screws, each screw should use the same intensity, if overtighten words are likely to enable the board to produce deformation. Special attention should be IDE interface, AGP, PCI and memory, and so the human damage the motherboard socket on the motherboard.
4, the routine maintenance of the CPU
To extend the life of the CPU, ensure that your computer is stable to complete daily work, we must first ensure that the CPU is operating at normal frequency. To improve computer performance by overclocking is not desirable, in your experience the so-called high-performance, you also take your life at stake in the CPU, unless there are fanatical pursuit of overclocking, wanted drained per CPU little energy Diyer, when the computer is working properly, try to make the CPU is operating at the rated frequency. On the other hand, as a relatively large heat computer parts, CPU cooling issues can not be ignored, if the CPU does not heat well, it may cause the system not working properly, no reason to restart the machine, crashes and other failures give you choose a good CPU cooler is essential. In addition, if the machine has been working properly, then do not move CPU, CPU to clean up after cleaning the chassis, the installation must be careful to place, so as not to cause the machine can not boot failure.
5, routine maintenance of memory
For memory, it needs attention is the time to upgrade the memory, try to choose the brand before, like the FSB to memory and memory to match the previous use of the system is not functioning properly to avoid failure. Note that the operating voltage of the memory are the same. General adapter cards and memory of the finger no gold, just a layer of copper foil, a long time oxidation occurs. Eraser to erase the finger surface dust, oil or oxide layer. Type of thing must not use sandpaper to clean finger, otherwise it will damage very thin coating.
6, the graphics and sound routine maintenance
Computer graphics is a big heat, and now have a separate graphics card with a cooling fan, usually pay attention to what the graphics card fan is functioning properly, there is an obvious noise or operation is not flexible, turn stopped while other phenomena, such as found to have these problems, we must promptly replace the video card cooling fan to extend the life of the graphics card. For sound, it must be noted that, in the plug microphone and speakers, be sure to turn off the power at the situation, do not carry out such operations in the live environment, in order to avoid damage to other parts.
7. Notes on the hard disk during routine maintenance and use
In order to make the drive to work better when using the above points should be noted:
7.1 hard disk being read, write operation can not be a sudden power failure
So great is the hard drive speed, usually 5400 r / min or 7200 r / min, the hard disk read and write operations, the hard disk rotating at high speed, should a sudden power failure, may cause severe friction between the head and the disc damage to the hard disk. Shutdown when we must pay attention to the hard disk light on the front panel of the chassis is still flashing, if the hard disk light flashes more than shows hard disk read and write operation has not been completed at this time should immediately turn off the power, and only when the hard disk light stops blinking hard to complete the reading before the shutdown after a write operation.
7.2 to keep the sanitation
When you use the computer in humid, dust and dust environment seriously overweight, have more contaminants adsorbed on the internal surface of the printed circuit board and the spindle motor, affecting the normal working hard when you want to install a hard disk with printing down the back of the circuit board, to reduce exposure to dust and the circuit board; in addition, a humid environment will make electronic devices such as unstable insulation resistance, in hard to read, easy to produce data loss failure writes. Therefore, we must keep the environment clean and healthy, reduce the degree of moisture in the air and dust content.
7.3 Do not open the hard cover their own
If the hard disk physical failure, do not open the hard cover themselves, because if dust in the air into the hard disk, in read heads, will scratch the disc or head during a write operation, if you do need to open the hard cover for repair, it must to be sent to the manufacturer for repair professional, do not open their own hard cover.
7.4 earthquake measures do hard
Hard disk is a precision device, while working in the disc surface floating head height of only a few microns, when the hard disk in reading, writing and state, once a large shock occurs, it could result in the head and the disk crash, leading to a hard disk damage. Therefore, when the computer is running, it is best not to move, in addition, the hard disk when you move or transport the best protection with the foam or sponge packaged to minimize vibration.
7.5 Ambient temperature control
Hard work will produce some heat, use appropriate temperature to 20-25 ℃, the temperature is too high will cause the hard drive circuit component failure, magnetic media will be due to thermal expansion effects and affect the accuracy of records; if the temperature is too low, the air moisture will condense on the integrated circuit components and cause a short circuit. Try not to make the hard close as speakers, speakers, motors, televisions, mobile phones and other magnetic field, to avoid interference.
7.6 Take the hard right
The hard disk in your hand, do not bump caused by physical damage, then one needs to pay attention is to prevent electrostatic damage to the hard disk. Especially in dry weather can easily produce static, if not carefully touch the hard disk on the back of the circuit board, static electricity is likely to hurt the hard disk of electronic components, resulting in hard drive is not operating properly. Correct hard way by hand by grasping the sides should be hard, and avoid direct contact with the back of its board.
8, drive routine maintenance
Computer's CD-ROM drive is easy to go wrong, the failure rate is second only to the mouse, if maintained well, the drive can be used normally for many years, the use of improper or insufficient maintenance, and some can only use about half a year, the daily drive to note the following:
8.1 keep the drive clean
Each time you use the CD-ROM, CD-ROM are inevitably some dust into dust if the laser emission head falls, it will cause the drive to read the data difficult to read the disk affect the quality and longevity of the laser head, will also affect the internal drive various mechanical components precision, so interior must be kept clean to reduce dust. Clean the inside of the mechanical drive components generally available swab, the laser head can not use alcohol or other cleaning agents to wipe clean if necessary, you can use the balloon to blow off the dust and the alignment of the laser head must be careful when operating, there is little attention possible damage to the laser head.
8.2 to make use of genuine CD
Although some pirated CDs (especially VCD discs) can play correctly, but because of the poor quality of the disc polishing Road deviation, frequent error correction when CD-ROM drive, so the laser head control components easy to aging, will accelerate the drive internal mechanical wear If prolonged use of pirated discs, CD-ROM error correction capability not only greatly reduced, affecting normal use, but it also reduces the life of the drive.
8.3 try to use a virtual drive
We use computers for entertainment listen to CD music, watch VCD, and playing games, will inevitably result in the drive wear, after several hours of continuous playback VCD, CD-ROM greatly increased fatigue, continues to seriously affect the life of the drive, you can use virtual The drive CD, VCD and computer games into virtual hard disk, it will not only speed up the access speed, but also can extend the life of the drive.
8.4 to develop the habit of proper use of the optical drive
When we use the optical drive has many bad habits, such as hand direct closed doors, in the high-speed rotating disc forcibly eject the disc so that the doors, turn off or restart the computer does not remove the disc are all bad habits, direct will affect the life of the drive. CD to bring it up when not in use, as long as the computer is on, even without the disc, the drive is also to work with.
9, preservation and maintenance of the disc
CD store large amount of information, save for a long time, but the disc out if improperly stored easily damaged. CD-ROM discs to be stored in a dedicated box to avoid dust or dirt contamination, avoid scratch hard objects. Best not to pack a layer of plastic on the outside disc, because after a long plastic aging, and the disc may stick together, it is possible to peel off the protective layer and the data layer in plastic bags when opened, causing damage to the disc. Note save in front of the disc must also pay attention to save the back of the disc, if the back of the disc is scratched or off, it will cause light leaks, not reflections of the laser head laser emission resulting CD is not working, or even damage the disc . Use your hands do not touch the front of the disc when the disc, in order to avoid sticky hands sweat and dirt on the disc, causing some difficulties to read the disk.
Repair disc method:
The usual approach is to smear toothpaste and water data side of the disc, then use your finger clockwise direction repeatedly toothpaste evenly in the data side of the disc, through this approach polished scratches on the disc. Through the above method can solve most can not read CD-ROM, CD-ROM, but there are some irregularities with the above solution is not obvious, according to the following solutions:
Tools: a steam iron (iron have not tried the other), a thin cloth, a glass, a little water.
Steps:
A. First, will need to be repaired with a thin cloth wrapped disc, one side coated with it, then sprinkle with a cloth moistened with water, attention must be attached to the cloth on the disc can not have wrinkles.
B. then wrapped disc in a flat surface, you can find if you can not find the piece of glass, the glass is relatively fairly flat. Then the iron is heated to a certain temperature, with iron ironing repeated several times on the disc, wait to dry after ironing finished the repair work is completed.
10, the display routine maintenance
Displays such as improper use, not only the performance of rapid decline, and life will be greatly shortened, even with two or three years will be scrapped, so be sure to pay attention to the daily maintenance of the display.
10.1 Do not regularly monitor switch
Do not be too frequent switching the display, the best twelve minutes interval between on and off, on, off fast, easy to monitor internal instantly generate high voltage, so that the current is too large and will burn tube. If there are no monitors twelve hours, it is best to turn off the monitor for the home PC, it is recommended that at night when not in the package of equipment are turned off.
10.2 Dust work to do
High pressure inside the monitor up to 10KV-30KV, such a high voltage can easily attract dust in the air, the control circuit board adsorption much dust, it will affect the electronic components of heat dissipation, so that the temperature rise components burn components. Dust is also likely to absorb moisture from the air, the corrosion inside the monitor circuit, causing some inexplicable failures. The best time to buy a dedicated monitor dust cover after each use should be covered with a dust cover, remove the dust on the monitor screen, remember to turn off the power to the monitor, the monitor should unplug the power cord and signal cables, wipe with a soft cloth outward from the center of the screen, if dirt is difficult to remove, use a small amount of cotton wool dipped limit water carefully wipe, do not wipe with a chemical solution of alcohol and the like, in addition, long-term use of the monitor cabinet within will accumulate a lot of dust, will accelerate the aging of the display is not clear, you can remove dust and dirt with a brush on the monitor cabinet, use a dry cloth, do not try to wipe a damp cloth dampened with water. Be careful not to damage the circuit elements.
10.3 moisture
A long time without electricity monitor to regularly work for some time, so that the heat generated when the monitor is working to expel moisture inside the machine, because when the indoor humidity ≤30%, will monitor the mechanical friction generated static part, the internal components are electrostatically increases the possibility of damage, affecting the normal operation of the display; humidity exceeds 80%, it will produce condensation inside the monitor, internal power transformers and other coils are also easy to produce leakage after wet, mold may even break the connection.
10.4 Anti-magnetic interference
Electromagnetic interference would occur should not have circuit voltage and current, do not put strong magnetic material (such as a radio, etc.) placed the computer room, multimedia speakers must use a good anti-magnetic effect and should be kept away from the monitor.
CRT as a major source of the display, when working in high ambient temperature will accelerate the aging of components, and even some Weld joints may also be caused due to the solder to melt off the display unstable trunk. Should give the display a well-ventilated environment, to ensure that there is enough space for heat dissipation.
Anti-glare 10.5
Reflective screen glare would cause screen obscured, at work in the face of the display extremely easy to damage the eyes, but also accelerate the aging CRT phosphors reduce the luminous efficiency, shorten the life of the display. Therefore, do not place the monitor in place strong sunlight, the light must pass through the summer place to hang a dark cloth to mitigate its light intensity.
11, routine maintenance of the keyboard
11.1 kept clean
Excessive dust difficult circuit will work, sometimes resulting in misuse, impurities fall into the gap in the keys will be stuck keys, and even cause a short circuit. When we clean the keyboard, use a soft, clean, damp cloth to wipe the stain cotton swab to clean the gap between the keys, do not use alcohol, medical sterilization, in order to avoid adverse effects on plastic parts. When cleaning the keyboard must be in the off state, damp cloth should not be too wet, so the keyboard short circuit inside the water.
11.2 does not spill liquid onto the keyboard
Once the liquid spilled on the keyboard will cause poor contact, causing a short circuit fault circuit corrosion, damage to the keyboard.
11.3 Key to pay attention to the intensity
When the key must pay attention to moderate intensity, action should be gentle, strong percussion will reduce the life of the keyboard, especially when playing the game when the keys should be careful not to hard keys, so as not to damage the keycaps.
11.4 Do not hot swap
When replacing the keyboard not hot swap, hot plug is a great harm, ranging from damage to the keyboard, while there may be damage to other parts of the computer, undue loss.
Keyboard maintenance methods:
Injection: ordinary syringe to extract ethanol, misalignment keys seams injection, and continue to enhance the cleaning effect buttons. This method is simple and practical, on the periphery of the distribution of keys in the keyboard is especially useful.
Shaping method: using suction tin solder failure three feet keys open, remove the Cap, rod, shrapnel and a return spring, pull out the micro switch. You can find shrapnel had become depressed or flat, with a fine needle to pry formation
Convex, with a small screwdriver to gently struck the internal switch to the appropriate location. And finally by reverse order of removal can be installed.
Immersion method: This method is the key to open the fault, you can see the moving contact two small metal pieces constituted tweezers cotton on a small alcohol wipe contacts repeatedly until the exposed metal and bright, and finally re-installed
12, routine maintenance of the mouse
In all computer accessories, mouse most prone to failure. Optical mouse and mouse into mechanical mouse
12.1 Avoid throw touch mouse and a strong pull on the wires.
12.2 Do not click the mouse when excessive force, so as not to damage the elastic switch.
12.3 preferably with a special mouse pad, it will greatly reduce the chance of dirt into the mouse via a rubber ball, and increase the friction between the rubber ball and the mouse pad, if the optical mouse, then, also
A damping effect, holding the photodetector element.
12.4 When using the optical mouse, to keep it in a clean-plate photographic better state, to avoid the dirt attached to the LED and phototransistor, blocking the light reception.
13, daily maintenance of digital cameras
13.1 pre-use check
Before use to check whether there is dust on the lens, even if there is little dust are likely to eventually lead to a dark area, you should use special lens paper to gently wipe the dust. In addition, check the battery there is no safe, the memory card is ready, everything is no problem and then boot.
13.2 correct operation of the camera
During the shoot should be strictly in accordance with the instructions on operating instructions, if you save the photo, do not open or remove the memory card, so easily lead to memory card becomes corrupted, it is best not to use the camera's LCD screen back to the viewfinder, so you can try to save the battery. In using the process to gently, especially the camera lens, LCD monitor, etc. but also to protect sensitive components.
Keep after 13.3 with
Camera when not remove the battery in the camera bag, dry and ventilated place.
13.4 frequently clean the camera
Body brush to remove dust can also be used to wipe glasses cloth or flannel; dust on the lens you can use a large rubber ball (leather consideration) to blow off, wipe the skin do not consider blowing dirt with lens paper and perspiration, etc.
14, daily maintenance of the scanner
14.1 The scanner should be placed on a flat, vibration smaller place, there will be no extra work load so that when the stepper motor, you can guarantee to achieve the desired vertical resolution.
14.2 keeping the scanner glass clean, it is related to the scanner accuracy and recognition rate, to now when there is dust on the glass, it should be cleared up.
14.3 To the scanned image placed in the center of the starting line, so you can minimize the causes distortion due to the optical lens.
14.4 should not use more than the optical resolution of the scanner to scan accuracy, because doing so will not only improve the output effect is not obvious, but also consume a lot of computer resources.
14.5 Save to choose JPG format image, the compression ratio is 75% -85% of the original image size is too small will seriously lose information image, distortion.
14.6 anti-high temperature, dust, moisture, anti-shock, anti-tilt.
Second, the maintenance of the soft microcomputer
1, make a backup system
When we use a computer, sometimes it will inevitably encounter this kind of failure, some failure is easy to solve, but can cause some serious damage to the operating system malfunction, so that the computer does not start properly. Then more trouble, to re-install the operating system, if you're lucky, the choice of covering the installation can repair damaged files, the operating system can operate normally, and if not covered by the operating system is installed properly, it is necessary to install an operating That system is formatted disk and reinstall the operating system, installed after also install drivers for various hardware and common software applications to be able to wait for the computer to restore normal use, the time has passed more than one hour, if Maintenance is before the old machine, not very good performance of the machine, then will waste more time. If we do a system backup, once the machine fails, as long as the backup to restore what to do on it.
We now commonly used system backup software is Ghost, Ghost make a backup for future use, even if you are a computer beginner, but also afraid of a system crash, as long as the machines are faulty, while he could not handle, then use Ghost to restore a system problems is a good idea. But the premise is to do well in advance of the system partition image file, the other to use in DOS, it is difficult for the novice, if misuse occurs, it may cause the whole partition data is destroyed, and Ghost disk image files take space is relatively large.
Of course, we can also use the system restore methods to achieve, System Restore is a feature of the times, there's WINDOWS ME to XP era, this feature has been enhanced, in addition to the System Restore function, but also can monitor the system and some applications change the program, and automatically create a restore point, this point in time restore point on behalf of the state, due to improper operation of the system if there is a problem, you can restore the system to normal state by past restore points created when the system is operating normally, and does not lead to the loss of existing data files, because it detects only the selected core set of system files and application files, does not detect changes in personal data files.
2, make a backup of important data
We hope that their machines do not have any problem at the time of use, but in practical applications, there is always this kind of fault to haunt us, so that we can very successfully complete their work, if unfortunate encounter a computer virus , worked hard to save important data loss, it will cause irreparable damage. Therefore, it is important to back up data must be good, able to do so, you can use a little hard to specifically store important data and documents, and now very fast computer replacement, upgrade the remaining small hard drive can be used to use . Even without the extra hard drive to use, but also with a floppy disk or other storage device to make a backup of important data and documents.
3. Install anti-virus software
Computer viruses that can lurk in some way in the computer storage medium (or program) where, when it reaches a certain condition is activated computer resources have damaging effects on a group program or set of instructions. A computer virus is a program, a piece of executable code. Like biological viruses, computer viruses have the unique ability to replicate. Computer viruses can spread quickly, and often difficult to eradicate. They can attach themselves on various types of files. When the file is copied or transferred from one user to another, they spread with the accompanying documents. In addition to replication capabilities, some computer viruses and some other common characteristics: a contaminated program can transfer the virus carrier. When you see the viral vectors seem merely in the text and image, they may have destroyed the file, and then format your hard drive or cause other types of disasters. If the virus does not parasitic contamination in a program, it is still occupied by the storage space for your trouble, and reduce the overall performance of your computer.
Virus types varied, the virus code vary widely, but the new virus production technology continue to emerge, so we can detect for known viruses, killing, and for the ability of the new virus did not know the future, even though they have a new virus Some common virus, but it uses technology will be more complex and unpredictable.
Therefore, in order to ensure the stability of computer systems and critical data is not lost due to erosion of the virus, we must install anti-virus software on your love machine. Several domestic anti-virus software can achieve the purpose of anti-virus, and the price is not too high, it is recommended that you buy genuine software, so you can update the virus database over a network, to maximize the protection of our computer.
4, install a network firewall software
In recent years, increasing cyber crime, the birth of a large number of hacking sites, prompting people to think about the security issues of the network. A variety of network security tools also followed hot on the market fired. Which was undoubtedly the most notable network security tools in the earliest maturity, is the first product of the network firewall product. The so-called "firewall" refers to an internal network and the public access network (eg Internet) separate ways, it is actually an isolation technology. A firewall is a network communication access in both the implementation of control scale, it allows you to "agree" to enter your network and data, while you "disagree" shut out people and data to maximize prevent network hackers to access your network and prevent them from change, copy, destroy your important information. Firewall for network security protection played a certain role, in order to take preventive measures, to install the network firewall software is one way to protect the machine works well.
5, regular defragging
Disk fragmentation is because the file is saved to various places throughout the dispersion disks, rather than continuously formed in the disk to save the contiguous cluster. Virtual memory manager frequent disk read and write, IE settings when browsing the web to generate temporary files and temporary files is the main reason it produces, file fragmentation usually does not cause damage to the system, but if too much debris, When reading the file system back and forth looking for, it will cause system performance degradation, leading to the loss of stored files, serious but also shorten the life of the hard drive. Therefore, the computer disk fragmentation can not be ignored, to regularly organize disk fragmentation, to ensure the normal and stable manner, we can use the system comes with the "Disk Defragmenter" to defragment the hard disk, but this program up and running very slow, here to recommend a good defragging software is "Diskeeper Professional", this software is a shareware version of its v8.0.459 size is only 1.8M, suitable for Win98 / Me / NT / 2000 / XP and other operating platforms, defragmenting when fast.
6, clean-up "parasites" Software
Such software is often "parasitic" In other normal software, or secretly installed on your system when you visit the Web site, endangering its system can not be ignored, one such software are background has been running, it will consume a lot of system resources and affect stability of the system, and also to overcome the valuable network resources, on the other hand may also steal your personal information. Main "parasites" software, there are three, one adware (Adware), many of the shareware is to get income in this way, but the software writers did not tell you that there is the presence of these adware, when you When using these shareware, adware also unwittingly installed came; the second is Spyware, that is spyware, it is possible that your system will send confidential hackers, causing your machine hacked or damage ; Yet another is the dialing procedure, which is the most dangerous type of proceeding, it can be put back into your dial international calls, resulting in the high cost of telephone, so you virtually suffered heavy losses. We can use the "Ad-Aware" to clean up the "parasites" software, this software is a free software that size is only 1654K, suitable for Win9X / 2000 / XP operating systems.
7, clean up junk files
Windows will run hoard a lot of junk files, and can not be automatically cleared for these junk files Windows, it only takes up a lot of disk space, but also slow down the system, so that the speed of the system slows down, so these junk files must be removed. There are two types of junk files, temporary files is a major presence in the Windows Temp directory, you will find that as you use the machine time to grow, increasing the use of the software, your Windows operating system will become huge the main thing is the existence of these junk files. Temp directory for temporary files, and just go to this directory can be deleted manually; then there is a temporary file that is when the Internet IE, we can use the following methods to manually delete, open the IE browser, select tool " Internet Options "This one, then select" IE temporary files "option, select" Delete Files "," Delete all offline content "and finally choose OK on the other, in the" History "option, select" Delete History "one, and keep pages in history the number of days to one day, up to no more than five days.
